ArmSoM Rockchip Audio: Complete Driver, Configuration and Debugging Guide

kernel/sound/soc/rockchip$ tree -I "*.o|*.h"
.
├── rockchip_asrc.c                             # asynchronous sample rate converter
├── rockchip_dlp.c                              # digital audio loopback
├── rockchip_dlp_pcm.c                          # for single dai dlp
├── rockchip_dummy_dai.c                        # used for multi-dais as channel map
├── rockchip_hdmi_analog.c                      # hdmi and codec share the same i2s
├── rockchip_hdmi.c                             # hdmi with jack det
├── rockchip_hdmi_dp.c                          # hdmi and dp share the same i2s
├── rockchip_i2s.c                              # old i2s which support i2s/pcm
├── rockchip_i2s_tdm.c                          # new i2s-tdm which support i2s/pcm/tdm
├── rockchip_multicodecs.c                      # support multi-streaming
├── rockchip_multi_dais.c                       # support combo-dais
├── rockchip_multi_dais_pcm.c                   # co-work with combo-dais
├── rockchip_pdm.c                              # pdm dai driver
├── rockchip_pdm_v2.c                           # pdmv2 dai driver
├── rockchip_sai.c                              # sai dai driver
├── rockchip_spdif.c                            # spdif tx dai driver
├── rockchip_spdifrx.c                          # spdif rx dai driver
├── rockchip_trcm.c                             # used for i2s-tdm
├── rockchip_utils.c                            # common utils
kernel/sound/soc/codecs$ tree -P "rk*.c|h*.c|d*.c"
.
├── dmic.c                                      # dmic, e.g. i2s dmics, pdm dmics
├── dummy-codec.c                               # dummy codec
├── hdmi-codec.c                                # hdmi codec driver
├── rk312x_codec.c                              # internal codec
├── rk3228_codec.c                              # internal codec
├── rk3308_codec.c                              # internal codec 8ch adc
├── rk3328_codec.c                              # internal codec
├── rk3506_codec.c                              # internal codec
├── rk3528_codec.c                              # internal codec
├── rk730.c                                     # rk730 audio codec
├── rk817_codec.c                               # codec in rk817 pmic ic
└── rk_dsm.c                                    # audio dsm

&sai0 {
        rockchip,slot-width = <16>;
};

&sai0 {
        rockchip,sai-tx-route = <3 2 1 0>;
};

&sai0 {
        rockchip,tdm-tx-lanes = <4>;
        rockchip,tdm-rx-lanes = <2>;
};

&sai0 {
        rockchip,sai-tx-wait-time-ms = <50>;
        rockchip,sai-rx-wait-time-ms = <50>;
};

rk817_codec: codec {
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        compatible = "rockchip,rk817-codec";
        clocks = <&mclkout_sai0>;
        clock-names = "mclk";
        assigned-clocks = <&mclkout_sai0>;
        assigned-clock-rates = <12288000>;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s0m0_mclk>;
        hp-volume = <20>;
        spk-volume = <3>;
        mic-in-differential;
        status = "okay";
};

&sai0 {
        assigned-clocks = <&cru CLK_SAI0>;
        assigned-clock-parents = <&mclkin_i2s0>;
        pinctrl-0 = <&sai0_sdi
                     &sai0_sdo
                     &sai0_lrck
                     &sai0_sclk
                     &sai0_mclk>;
};
&mclkin_sai0 {
        clock-frequency = <24576000>;
        status = "okay";
};

# amixer  -c 0 controls
numid=34,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Clk Auto Switch'
numid=5,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive Mono Slot Select'
numid=6,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive Mono Switch'
numid=29,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH0 Source Select'
numid=28,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH1 Source Select'
numid=27,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH2 Source Select'
numid=26,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH3 Source Select'
numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive SDIx Select'
numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive Start Mode Sel'
numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback Src Select'
numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback Switch'
numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback Src Select'
numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback Switch'
numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback Src Select'
numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback Switch'
numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback Src Select'
numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback Switch'
numid=25,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Sync In Switch'
numid=24,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Sync Out Switch'
numid=7,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit Mono Switch'
numid=33,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO0 Source Select'
numid=32,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO1 Source Select'
numid=31,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO2 Source Select'
numid=30,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO3 Source Select'
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDOx Select'
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit Start Mode Sel'
numid=35,iface=PCM,name='SAI2 PCM Read Wait Time MS'
numid=36,iface=PCM,name='SAI2 PCM Write Wait Time MS'

numid=29,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH0 Source Select'
numid=28,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH1 Source Select'
numid=27,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH2 Source Select'
numid=26,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH3 Source Select'
numid=33,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO0 Source Select'
numid=32,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO1 Source Select'
numid=31,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO2 Source Select'
numid=30,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO3 Source Select'

# amixer cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO2 Source Select' "From PATH0"
numid=31,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO2 Source Select'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=4
  ; Item #0 'From PATH0'
  ; Item #1 'From PATH1'
  ; Item #2 'From PATH2'
  ; Item #3 'From PATH3'
  : values=0
# amixer cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO3 Source Select' "From PATH1"
numid=30,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDO3 Source Select'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=4
  ; Item #0 'From PATH0'
  ; Item #1 'From PATH1'
  ; Item #2 'From PATH2'
  ; Item #3 'From PATH3'
  : values=1

# amixer cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH0 Source Select' "From SDI3"
numid=29,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive PATH0 Source Select'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=4
  ; Item #0 'From SDI0'
  ; Item #1 'From SDI1'
  ; Item #2 'From SDI2'
  ; Item #3 'From SDI3'
  : values=3

numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive SDIx Select'
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDOx Select'

# amixer -c 0 cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDOx Select' "SDOx2"
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Transmit SDOx Select'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=5
  ; Item #0 'Auto'
  ; Item #1 'SDOx1'
  ; Item #2 'SDOx2'
  ; Item #3 'SDOx3'
  ; Item #4 'SDOx4'
  : values=2
# amixer -c 0 cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive SDIx Select' "SDIx4"
numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 Receive SDIx Select'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=5
  ; Item #0 'Auto'
  ; Item #1 'SDIx1'
  ; Item #2 'SDIx2'
  ; Item #3 'SDIx3'
  ; Item #4 'SDIx4'
  : values=4

numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback Src Select'
numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback Switch'
numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback Src Select'
numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback Switch'
numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback Src Select'
numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback Switch'
numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback Src Select'
numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback Switch'

# amixer -c 0 cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback Src Select' "From SDO3"
numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback Src Select'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=4
  ; Item #0 'From SDO0'
  ; Item #1 'From SDO1'
  ; Item #2 'From SDO2'
  ; Item #3 'From SDO3'
  : values=3

numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI1 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI2 Loopback I2S LR Switch'
numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI3 Loopback I2S LR Switch'

# amixer -c 0 cset iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel' "L:M IC R:LP"
numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='SAI2 SDI0 Loopback I2S LR Channel Sel'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=2
  ; Item #0 'L:MIC R:LP'
  ; Item #1 'L:LP R:MIC'
  : values=0

CONFIG_SND_SOC_ROCKCHIP_ASRC=y

sai0-asrc-sound {
    compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
    rockchip,card-name = "rockchip,sai0-asrc";
    rockchip,mclk-fs = <256>;
    rockchip,format = "i2s";
    rockchip,cpu = <&sai0>;
    rockchip,asrc = <&asrc0>;
    rockchip,codec = <&dummy_codec>;
    rockchip,bitclock-master = <&dummy_codec>;
    rockchip,frame-master = <&dummy_codec>;
    rockchip,audio-routing =
        "Dummy Playback", "SAI0 Playback",
        "SAI0 Capture", "Dummy Capture",
        "SAI0 Playback", "ASRC0 Playback",
        "ASRC0 Capture", "SAI0 Capture";
};

spdifrx0-asrc-sound {
    compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
    rockchip,card-name = "spdifrx0-asrc";
    rockchip,cpu = <&spdif_rx0>;
    rockchip,asrc = <&asrc0>;
    rockchip,codec = <&dummy_codec>;
    rockchip,audio-routing =
        "Dummy Capture", "Dummy Capture",
        "ASRC0 Capture", "SPDIF_RX0 Capture";
};

amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 SET RESAMPLE RATE' 48000

amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 RX LINK DAI Select' 'sai0'
amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 TX LINK DAI Select' 'asrc0'

amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 RX LINK DAI Select' 'sai0'
amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 TX LINK DAI Select' 'sai2'

amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 SET RESAMPLE RATE' 48000
amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 RX LINK DAI Select' 'sai0'
amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 TX LINK DAI Select' 'asrc0'
arecord -D hw:0,1 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 -r 48000 -c 2 -f s16_le r.wav

amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 SET RESAMPLE RATE' 48000
amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 RX LINK DAI Select' 'asrc0'
amixer -c 0 sset 'ASRC0 TX LINK DAI Select' 'sai0'
aplay -D hw:0,1 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 r.wav

&i2s0 {
        rockchip,bclk-fs = <32>;
};

&i2s0 {
        rockchip,i2s-tx-wait-time-ms = <50>;
        rockchip,i2s-rx-wait-time-ms = <50>;
};

rk817_codec: codec {
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        compatible = "rockchip,rk817-codec";
        clocks = <&mclkout_i2s0>;
        clock-names = "mclk";
        assigned-clocks = <&mclkout_i2s0>;
        assigned-clock-rates = <12288000>;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s0m0_mclk>;
        hp-volume = <20>;
        spk-volume = <3>;
        mic-in-differential;
        status = "okay";
};

&i2s3_2ch {
        assigned-clocks = <&cru CLK_I2S3_2CH>;
        assigned-clock-parents = <&mclkin_i2s3>;
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s3_sdi
                     &i2s3_sdo
                     &i2s3_lrck
                     &i2s3_sclk
                     &i2s3_mclk>;
};
&mclkin_i2s3 {
        clock-frequency = <24576000>;
        status = "okay";
};

&i2s0 {
        rockchip,clk-trcm = <1>;
};

&i2s0 {
        rockchip,i2s-tx-route = <3 2 1 0>;
};

&i2s0 {
        rockchip,tdm-fsync-half-frame;
};

rk817_codec: codec {
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        compatible = "rockchip,rk817-codec";
        clocks = <&mclkout_i2s0>;
        clock-names = "mclk";
        assigned-clocks = <&mclkout_i2s0>;
        assigned-clock-rates = <12288000>;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s0m0_mclk>;
        hp-volume = <20>;
        spk-volume = <3>;
        mic-in-differential;
        status = "okay";
};

&i2s0_8ch {
        assigned-clocks = <&cru CLK_I2S0_8CH_TX>, <&cru CLK_I2S0_8CH_RX>;
        assigned-clock-parents = <&mclkin_i2s0>, <&mclkin_i2s0>;
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s0_sdi0
                     &i2s0_sdo0
                     &i2s0_lrck
                     &i2s0_sclk
                     &i2s0_mclk>;
};
&mclkin_i2s0 {
        clock-frequency = <24576000>;
        status = "okay";
};

&pdm_8ch {
        rockchip,path-map = <3 2 1 0>;
};

&dig_acodec {
        rockchip,clk-sync-mode;
};

&dig_acodec {
        rockchip,pwm-output-mode;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&audiopwmoutdiff_pins>;
};

&vad {
        rockchip,audio-src = <&pdm_8ch>;
};

&vad {
        rockchip,det-channel = <2>;
};

&vad {
        rockchip,mode = <1>;
};

&vad {
        rockchip,buffer-time-ms = <100>;
};

&i2s_8ch_2 {
        status = "okay";
        rockchip,no-dmaengine;
};
&pdm_8ch {
        status = "okay";
        rockchip,no-dmaengine;
};
&multi-dais {
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_2>, <&pdm_8ch>;
};

&multi-dais {
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_2>, <&pdm_8ch>;
        playback,channel-mapping = <2 0>;
        capture,channel-mapping = <2 6>;
};

&multi-dais {
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_2>, <&pdm_8ch>;
        capture,channel-mapping = <2 6>;
        playback,channel-mapping = <2 0>;
        bitclock-master = <1 1>;
        frame-master = <1 1>;
};

&multi-dais {
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_0>, <&i2s_8ch_1>;
        capture,channel-mapping = <8 8>;
        playback,channel-mapping = <8 8>;
        bitclock-master = <1 0>;
        frame-master = <1 0>;
};

&multi-dais {
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_0>, <&i2s_8ch_1>;
        capture,channel-mapping = <8 8>;
        playback,channel-mapping = <8 8>;
        bitclock-master = <0 0>;
        frame-master = <0 0>;
};

&multi-dais {
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_0>, <&i2s_8ch_1>;
        bitclock-inversion = <1 1>;
        frame-inversion = <1 1>;
};

multi_dais: multi-dais {
        status = "okay";
        compatible = "rockchip,multi-dais";
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_2>, <&pdm_8ch>;
        capture,channel-mapping = <2 6>;
        playback,channel-mapping = <2 0>;
        bitclock-master = <1 1>;
        frame-master = <1 1>;
        bitclock-inversion = <0 0>;
        frame-inversion = <0 0>;
        rockchip,grf = <&grf>;
};
&i2s_8ch_2 {
        status = "okay";
        rockchip,no-dmaengine;
};
&pdm_8ch {
        status = "okay";
        rockchip,no-dmaengine;
};
vad-sound {
        status = "okay";
        compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
        rockchip,card-name = "rockchip,rk3308-vad";
        rockchip,cpu = <&multi_dais>;
        rockchip,codec = <&acodec>, <&vad>;
};

&i2s_8ch_0 {
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        rockchip,no-dmaengine;
};
&i2s_8ch_1 {
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        rockchip,no-dmaengine;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s_8ch_1_m0_sdo0
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_sdo1_sdi3
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_sdo2_sdi2
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_sdo3_sdi1
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_sdi0>;
};
i2s_16ch_dais: i2s-16ch-dais {
        compatible = "rockchip,rk3308-multi-dais", "rockchip,multi-dais";
        dais = <&i2s_8ch_0>, <&i2s_8ch_1>;
        capture,channel-mapping = <8 8>;
        playback,channel-mapping = <8 8>;
        bitclock-master = <1 0>;
        frame-master = <1 0>;
        rockchip,grf = <&grf>;
};

audiopwmout_diff: audiopwmout-diff {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        ....
        simple-audio-card,format = "left_j";
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s3_2ch>;
        };
        master: simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&dig_acodec>;
        };
};

audiopwmout_diff: audiopwmout-diff {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        ....
        simple-audio-card,mclk-fs = <512>;
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s3_2ch>;
        };
        master: simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&dig_acodec>;
        };
};

audiopwmout_diff: audiopwmout-diff {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        ....
        simple-audio-card,bitclock-master = <&master>;
        simple-audio-card,frame-master = <&master>;
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s3_2ch>;
        };
        master: simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&dig_acodec>;
        };
};

audiopwmout_diff: audiopwmout-diff {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        ...
        simple-audio-card,bitclock-inversion;
        simple-audio-card,frame-inversion;
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s3_2ch>;
        };
        simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&dig_acodec>;
        };
};

i2s-dmic-array {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        ...
        simple-audio-card,mclk-fs = <256>;
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s_8ch_0>;
                dai-tdm-slot-num = <8>;
                dai-tdm-slot-width = <32>;
        };
        simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&dummy_codec>;
        };
};

sound/soc/codecs/Kconfig
sound/soc/codecs/Makefile
sound/soc/codecs/tas571x.c
sound/soc/codecs/tas571x.h

CONFIG_SND_SIMPLE_CARD
CONFIG_SND_SOC_ROCKCHIP_I2S
CONFIG_SND_SOC_ROCKCHIP_I2S_TDM
CONFIG_SND_SOC_TAS571X

&i2s_8ch_1 {
        status = "okay";
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
        pinctrl-names = "default";
        pinctrl-0 = <&i2s_8ch_1_m0_sclktx
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_lrcktx
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_sdo0
                     &i2s_8ch_1_m0_mclk>;
};

&i2c1 {
        clock-frequency = <400000>;
        status = "okay";
        tas5731: tas5731@1a {
                #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
                compatible = "ti,tas5731";
                reg = <0x1a>;
                clocks = <&cru SCLK_I2S1_8CH_TX_OUT>;
                clock-names = "mclk";
                pinctrl-names = "default";
                pinctrl-0 = <&i2s_8ch_1_m0_mclk>;
                pdn-gpios = <&gpio0 RK_PA5 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
                reset-gpios = <&gpio1 RK_PA1 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
        };
};

tas5731_sound: tas5731-sound {
        status = "okay";
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        simple-audio-card,format = "i2s";
        simple-audio-card,name = "rockchip,tas5731";
        simple-audio-card,mclk-fs = <256>;
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s_8ch_1>;
        };
        simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&tas5731>;
        };
};

# cat /proc/asound/cards
 0 [rockchiptas5731]: rockchip_tas5731 - rockchip,tas5731

&sound {
        compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
        rockchip,cpu = <&i2s0_8ch>;
        rockchip,codec = <&codec>, <&vad>;
};

&sound {
        rockchip,format = "left_j";
};

&sound {
        rockchip,mclk-fs = <512>;
};

&sound {
        compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
        rockchip,frame-master = <&codec>;
        rockchip,bitclock-master = <&codec>;
        rockchip,cpu = <&i2s0_8ch>;
        rockchip,codec = <&codec>, <&vad>;
};

&sound {
        compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
        rockchip,bitclock-inversion;
        rockchip,frame-inversion;
        rockchip,cpu = <&i2s0_8ch>;
        rockchip,codec = <&codec>, <&vad>;
};

bluetooth_sound: bluetooth-sound {
    status = "disabled";
    compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
    rockchip,card-name = "rockchip,rk3308-pcm";
    rockchip,mclk-fs = <128>;
    rockchip,cpu = <&i2s_2ch_0>;
    rockchip,codec = <&dummy_codec>;
    rockchip,format = "dsp_b";
    rockchip,bitclock-inversion = <0>;
    rockchip,wait-card-locked = <0>;
};

es8388_sound: es8388-sound {
    status = "okay";
    compatible = "rockchip,multicodecs-card";
    rockchip,card-name = "rockchip-es8388";
    hp-det-gpio = <&gpio1 RK_PD5 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;
    io-channels = <&saradc 3>;
    io-channel-names = "adc-detect";
    keyup-threshold-microvolt = <1800000>;
    poll-interval = <100>;
    spk-con-gpio = <&gpio1 RK_PD3 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
    hp-con-gpio = <&gpio1 RK_PD2 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
    rockchip,format = "i2s";
    rockchip,mclk-fs = <256>;
    rockchip,cpu = <&i2s0_8ch>;
    rockchip,codec = <&es8388>;
    rockchip,audio-routing =
        "Headphone", "LOUT1",
        "Headphone", "ROUT1",
        "Speaker", "LOUT2",
        "Speaker", "ROUT2",
        "Headphone", "Headphone Power",
        "Headphone", "Headphone Power",
        "Speaker", "Speaker Power",
        "Speaker", "Speaker Power",
        "LINPUT1", "Main Mic",
        "LINPUT2", "Main Mic",
        "RINPUT1", "Headset Mic",
        "RINPUT2", "Headset Mic";
    pinctrl-names = "default";
    pinctrl-0 = <&hp_det>;
    play-pause-key {
        label = "playpause";
        linux,code = <KEY_PLAYPAUSE>;
        press-threshold-microvolt = <2000>;
    };
};

dw_hdmi_audio: dw-hdmi-audio {
        compatible = "rockchip,dw-hdmi-audio";
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
};
hdmi_sound: hdmi-sound {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        simple-audio-card,format = "i2s";
        simple-audio-card,mclk-fs = <128>;
        simple-audio-card,name = "rockchip,hdmi";
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s2>;
        };
        simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&dw_hdmi_audio>;
        };
};

hdmi: hdmi@ff940000 {
        compatible = "rockchip,rk3399-dw-hdmi";
        ......
        #address-cells = <1>;
        #size-cells = <0>;
        #sound-dai-cells = <0>;
};
hdmi_sound: hdmi-sound {
        compatible = "simple-audio-card";
        simple-audio-card,format = "i2s";
        simple-audio-card,mclk-fs = <128>;
        simple-audio-card,name = "rockchip,hdmi";
        simple-audio-card,cpu {
                sound-dai = <&i2s2>;
        };
        simple-audio-card,codec {
                sound-dai = <&hdmi>;
        };
};

CONFIG_ROCKCHIP_CLK_COMPENSATION

diff --git a/drivers/clk/rockchip/clk-rv1126.c b/drivers/clk/rockchip/clk-rv1126.c
index 9ba0bff..1b95aed 100644
--- a/drivers/clk/rockchip/clk-rv1126.c
+++ b/drivers/clk/rockchip/clk-rv1126.c
@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ static struct rockchip_pll_rate_table rv1126_pll_rates[] = {
        RK3036_PLL_RATE(594000000, 1, 99, 4, 1, 1, 0),
        RK3036_PLL_RATE(504000000, 1, 84, 4, 1, 1, 0),
        RK3036_PLL_RATE(500000000, 1, 125, 6, 1, 1, 0),
+       RK3036_PLL_RATE(496742400, 1, 124, 6, 1, 0, 3113851),
+       RK3036_PLL_RATE(491520000, 1, 40, 2, 1, 0, 16106127),

&cru {
        assigned-clocks =
                <&pmucru CLK_RTC32K>, <&pmucru PLL_GPLL>,
                <&pmucru PCLK_PDPMU>, <&cru PLL_CPLL>,
                <&cru PLL_HPLL>, <&cru ARMCLK>,
                <&cru ACLK_PDBUS>, <&cru HCLK_PDBUS>,
                <&cru PCLK_PDBUS>, <&cru ACLK_PDPHP>,
                <&cru HCLK_PDPHP>, <&cru HCLK_PDAUDIO>,
                <&cru HCLK_PDCORE_NIU>;
        assigned-clock-rates =
                <32768>, <1188000000>,
                <100000000>, <491520000>,
                <1400000000>, <600000000>,
                <500000000>, <200000000>,
                <100000000>, <300000000>,
                <200000000>, <150000000>,
                <200000000>;
};

&i2s1_2ch {
        clocks = <&cru MCLK_I2S1>, <&cru HCLK_I2S1>, <&cru PLL_CPLL>;
        clock-names = "i2s_clk", "i2s_hclk", "i2s_clk_root";
        rockchip,mclk-calibrate;
};

&i2s0_8ch {
        clocks = <&cru MCLK_I2S0_TX>, <&cru MCLK_I2S0_RX>, <&cru HCLK_I2S0>,
                 <&cru MCLK_I2S0_TX_DIV>, <&cru MCLK_I2S0_RX_DIV>,
                 <&cru PLL_CPLL>, <&cru PLL_CPLL>;
        clock-names = "mclk_tx", "mclk_rx", "hclk",
                      "mclk_tx_src", "mclk_rx_src",
                      "mclk_root0", "mclk_root1";
        rockchip,mclk-calibrate;
};

&pdm {
        status = "okay";
        clocks = <&cru MCLK_PDM>, <&cru HCLK_PDM>, <&cru PLL_CPLL>;
        clock-names = "pdm_clk", "pdm_hclk", "pdm_clk_root";
        rockchip,mclk-calibrate;
};

# cat /proc/asound/cards
 0 [rockchiprk809co]: rockchip_rk809- - rockchip,rk809-codec
                      rockchip,rk809-codec
# aplay -D hw:0,0 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 -f dat /dev/zero &
Playing raw data '/dev/zero' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 48000 Hz, Stereo
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/clk/clk_summary | egrep "i2s0|cpll"
pll_cpll                          1        1        0   491519999
  cpll                            6       11        0   491519999
    mclk_i2s0_rx_div              1        1        0    12288000
      mclk_i2s0_rx_mux            1        1        0    12288000
        mclk_i2s0_rx              1        1        0    12288000
      mclk_i2s0_rx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12288000
    mclk_i2s0_tx_div              1        1        0    12288000
      mclk_i2s0_tx_mux            1        1        0    12288000
        mclk_i2s0_tx              2        2        0    12288000
          mclk_i2s0_tx_out2io     2        2        0    12288000
      mclk_i2s0_tx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12288000
# amixer contents
...
numid=3,iface=PCM,name='PCM Clk Compensation In PPM'
  ; type=INTEGER,access=rw------,values=1,min=-1000,max=1000,step=1
  : values=0
# amixer -- cset numid=3 10
numid=3,iface=PCM,name='PCM Clk Compensation In PPM'
  ; type=INTEGER,access=rw------,values=1,min=-1000,max=1000,step=1
  : values=10
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/clk/clk_summary | egrep "i2s0|cpll"
pll_cpll                          1        1        0   491524892
  cpll                            6       11        0   491524892
    mclk_i2s0_rx_div              1        1        0    12288123
      mclk_i2s0_rx_mux            1        1        0    12288123
        mclk_i2s0_rx              1        1        0    12288123
      mclk_i2s0_rx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12288123
    mclk_i2s0_tx_div              1        1        0    12288123
      mclk_i2s0_tx_mux            1        1        0    12288123
        mclk_i2s0_tx              2        2        0    12288123
          mclk_i2s0_tx_out2io     2        2        0    12288123
      mclk_i2s0_tx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12288123
# amixer -- cset numid=3 -10
numid=3,iface=PCM,name='PCM Clk Compensation In PPM'
  ; type=INTEGER,access=rw------,values=1,min=-1000,max=1000,step=1
  : values=-10
pll_cpll                          1        1        0   491515106
  cpll                            6       11        0   491515106
    mclk_i2s0_rx_div              1        1        0    12287878
      mclk_i2s0_rx_mux            1        1        0    12287878
        mclk_i2s0_rx              1        1        0    12287878
      mclk_i2s0_rx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12287878
    mclk_i2s0_tx_div              1        1        0    12287878
      mclk_i2s0_tx_mux            1        1        0    12287878
        mclk_i2s0_tx              2        2        0    12287878
          mclk_i2s0_tx_out2io     2        2        0    12287878
      mclk_i2s0_tx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12287878

Mode List:
# amixer contents
numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='Software Digital Loopback Mode'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=7
  ; Item #0 'Disabled'
  ; Item #1 '2CH: 1 Loopback + 1 Mic'
  ; Item #2 '2CH: 1 Mic + 1 Loopback'
  ; Item #3 '2CH: 1 Mic + 1 Loopback-mixed'
  ; Item #4 '2CH: 2 Loopbacks'
  ; Item #5 '4CH: 2 Mics + 2 Loopbacks'
  ; Item #6 '4CH: 2 Mics + 1 Loopback-mixed'
  ; Item #7 "4CH: 4 Loopbacks",
  ; Item #8 "6CH: 4 Mics + 2 Loopbacks",
  ; Item #9 "6CH: 4 Mics + 1 Loopback-mixed",
  ; Item #10 "6CH: 6 Loopbacks",
  ; Item #11 "8CH: 6 Mics + 2 Loopbacks",
  ; Item #12 "8CH: 6 Mics + 1 Loopback-mixed",
  ; Item #13 "8CH: 8 Loopbacks",
  ; Item #14 "10CH: 8 Mics + 2 Loopbacks",
  ; Item #15 "10CH: 8 Mics + 1 Loopback-mixed",
  ; Item #16 "16CH: 8 Mics + 8 Loopbacks",
  : values=0

Enable:
CONFIG_SND_SOC_ROCKCHIP_DLP
&i2s {
    rockchip,digital-loopback;
};

CONFIG_SND_SOC_DYNAMIC_DMA_CHAN

commit 0083e5a0ce9fe6654e586c9021b7b3cf90b5bf3c
Author: Sugar Zhang <sugar.zhang@rock-chips.com>
Date:   Tue Aug 13 22:09:29 2024 +0800
    ALSA: pcm: Add support for pcm pattern playback
    CONFIG_SND_PCM_PATTERN_DEBUG
    * MSB check
    * channel id
    * as much as more 0/1 stress
    PATTERN8(x)     (0xa0 | (x))
    PATTERN16(x)    (0xab00 | (x))
    PATTERN32(x)    (0xabcabc00 | (x))
    e.g. 16bit 4ch pattern:
    0xab01 0xab02 0xab03 0xab04 0xab01 ...
    This pattern is only used for IOCTL_READ/WRITE, not
    suitable for MMAP.

&pmu_io_domains {
        status = "okay";
        ...
        vccio7-supply = <&vcc_1v8>;
};

# cat /proc/asound/cards
 0 [rockchiprk809co]: rockchip_rk809- - rockchip,rk809-codec
                      rockchip,rk809-codec
 7 [Loopback       ]: Loopback - Loopback
                      Loopback 1
# ls /dev/snd/
by-path    controlC7  pcmC0D0p  pcmC7D0p  pcmC7D1p
controlC0  pcmC0D0c   pcmC7D0c  pcmC7D1c  timer

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/clk/clk_summary | egrep "i2s0|pll"
pll_cpll                          1        1        0   500000000
  cpll                            5       10        0   500000000
    mclk_i2s0_rx_div              0        0        0   500000000
      mclk_i2s0_rx_fracdiv        0        0        0    12288000
        mclk_i2s0_rx_mux          0        0        0    12288000
          mclk_i2s0_rx            0        0        0    12288000
    mclk_i2s0_tx_div              1        1        0   500000000
      mclk_i2s0_tx_fracdiv        1        1        0    12288000
        mclk_i2s0_tx_mux          1        1        0    12288000
          mclk_i2s0_tx            1        1        0    12288000
            mclk_i2s0_tx_out2io   2        2        0    12288000

# cat /proc/iomem | grep i2s
ff800000-ff800fff : i2s@ff800000
#
# io -4 -l 0x40 0xff800000
ff800000:  7200000f 004e000f 10003f3f 00000010
ff800010:  000f0110 01f00000 00000000 00000003
ff800020:  00000000 00000000 00000000 0000001f
ff800030:  00003eff 00003eff 00000303 20150001

# ls /sys/kernel/debug/regmap/
0-0020-rk817-codec
ff800000.i2s
...
# cat /sys/kernel/debug/regmap/0-0020-rk817-codec/registers
12: 03
13: f4
14: 00
15: ff
16: 00
17: 40
18: 48
19: 00
1a: 00
1b: ff
1c: 00
1d: 00
1e: 02
1f: 00
...

# cd /sys/kernel/debug/regmap/ff800000.i2s/
# cat registers /* dump register by regmap */
00: 7200000f
04: 004e000f
08: 10003f3f
0c: XXXXXXXX
10: 000f0010
14: 01f00000
18: XXXXXXXX
1c: 00000000
20: XXXXXXXX
24: XXXXXXXX
2c: XXXXXXXX
30: 00003eff
34: 00003eff
38: 00000303
# io -4 0xff800000 0x0  /* set 0xff800000 to 0 */
# io -4 -l 0x40 0xff800000  /* dump to check value of 0xff800000, now it's 0 */
ff800000:  00000000 004e000f 10003f3f 00000000
ff800010:  000f0010 01f00000 00000000 00000000
ff800020:  00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
ff800030:  00003eff 00003eff 00000303 20150001
# cat registers /* dump register by regmap */
00: 7200000f    /* it's still old value */04: 004e000f
08: 10003f3f
0c: XXXXXXXX
10: 000f0010
14: 01f00000
18: XXXXXXXX
1c: 00000000
20: XXXXXXXX
24: XXXXXXXX
2c: XXXXXXXX
30: 00003eff
34: 00003eff
38: 00000303
# echo N > cache_only
[148833.374641] rockchip-i2s-tdm ff800000.i2s: debugfs cache_only=N forced: syncing cache
# echo Y > cache_bypass
[148834.760274] rockchip-i2s-tdm ff800000.i2s: debugfs cache_bypass=Y forced
# cat registers /* dump again, now it's correct */
00: 00000000
04: 004e000f
08: 10003f3f
0c: 00000000
10: 000f0010
14: 01f00000
18: 00000000
1c: 00000000
20: 00000000
24: 00000000
2c: 00000000
30: 00003eff
34: 00003eff
38: 00000303

Usage: i2cdetect [-y] [-a] [-q|-r] I2CBUS [FIRST LAST]
       i2cdetect -F I2CBUS
       i2cdetect -l
  I2CBUS is an integer or an I2C bus name
  If provided, FIRST and LAST limit the probing range.

# i2cdetect -y 0
     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f
00:          -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --20: UU -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Usage: i2cdump [-f] [-y] [-r first-last] I2CBUS ADDRESS [MODE [BANK [BANKREG]]]
  I2CBUS is an integer or an I2C bus name
  ADDRESS is an integer (0x03 - 0x77)
  MODE is one of:
    b (byte, default)
    w (word)
    W (word on even register addresses)
    s (SMBus block)
    i (I2C block)
    c (consecutive byte)
    Append p for SMBus PEC

# i2cdump -f -y 0 0x20 b
     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f
00: 03 35 18 10 08 17 04 00 00 00 01 01 00 80 02 00
10: 00 00 03 f4 00 ff 00 40 48 00 00 ff 00 00 02 00
20: 00 00 00 00 ff 00 00 1f 00 99 00 00 00 00 00 03
30: 04 03 03 00 a5 02 00 00 11 03 03 00 00 e0 0f 09
40: a5 7f 04 58 2d 0c a5 00 00 00 00 0f 20 00 0f 88
50: 8c 00 01 00 01 b0 44 1e 00 60 16 6a 16 6a ff f8
60: ff f8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 16 66 01 d7 00
70: 00 00 00 00 ff ed d6 58 16 6a ff f9 00 00 00 00
80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
90: 60 81 d5 7f fb df ca 81 d2 ff 00 00 00 00 00 00
a0: 00 00 00 00 b8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
b0: 00 0f 0f 0f 0f ad 0e ff ff 00 64 18 18 64 12 18
c0: 64 00 00 64 62 62 64 ff ff ff ff ff 08 08 30 30
d0: 08 08 30 30 30 30 18 14 58 58 6c 6c 6c 6c 0b 33
e0: 00 00 00 55 a2 c8 c5 40 00 ff 22 03 0a 80 94 0b
f0: c0 8c a0 40 18 10 00 86 00 dc 00 ff 00 ff 60 00

Usage: i2cset [-f] [-y] [-m MASK] [-r] I2CBUS CHIP-ADDRESS DATA-ADDRESS [VALUE] ... [MODE]
  I2CBUS is an integer or an I2C bus name
  ADDRESS is an integer (0x03 - 0x77)
  MODE is one of:
    c (byte, no value)
    b (byte data, default)
    w (word data)
    i (I2C block data)
    s (SMBus block data)
    Append p for SMBus PEC

# i2cset -f -y -r 0 0x20 0x12 0x0 b
Value 0x00 written, readback matched

Usage: i2cget [-f] [-y] I2CBUS CHIP-ADDRESS [DATA-ADDRESS [MODE]]
  I2CBUS is an integer or an I2C bus name
  ADDRESS is an integer (0x03 - 0x77)
  MODE is one of:
    b (read byte data, default)
    w (read word data)
    c (write byte/read byte)
    Append p for SMBus PEC

# i2cget -f -y 0 0x20 0x12 b
0x00

Usage: aplay [OPTION]... [FILE]...
-h, --help              help
    --version           print current version
-l, --list-devices      list all soundcards and digital audio devices
-L, --list-pcms         list device names
-D, --device=NAME       select PCM by name
-q, --quiet             quiet mode
-t, --file-type TYPE    file type (voc, wav, raw or au)
-c, --channels=#        channels
-f, --format=FORMAT     sample format (case insensitive)
-r, --rate=#            sample rate
-d, --duration=#        interrupt after # seconds
-s, --samples=#         interrupt after # samples per channel
-M, --mmap              mmap stream
-N, --nonblock          nonblocking mode
-F, --period-time=#     distance between interrupts is # microseconds
-B, --buffer-time=#     buffer duration is # microseconds
    --period-size=#     distance between interrupts is # frames
    --buffer-size=#     buffer duration is # frames
-A, --avail-min=#       min available space for wakeup is # microseconds
-R, --start-delay=#     delay for automatic PCM start is # microseconds
                        (relative to buffer size if <= 0)
-T, --stop-delay=#      delay for automatic PCM stop is # microseconds from xrun
-v, --verbose           show PCM structure and setup (accumulative)
-V, --vumeter=TYPE      enable VU meter (TYPE: mono or stereo)
-I, --separate-channels one file for each channel
-i, --interactive       allow interactive operation from stdin
-m, --chmap=ch1,ch2,..  Give the channel map to override or follow
    --disable-resample  disable automatic rate resample
    --disable-channels  disable automatic channel conversions
    --disable-format    disable automatic format conversions
    --disable-softvol   disable software volume control (softvol)
    --test-position     test ring buffer position
    --test-coef=#       test coefficient for ring buffer position (default 8)
                        expression for validation is: coef * (buffer_size / 2)
    --test-nowait       do not wait for ring buffer - eats whole CPU
    --max-file-time=#   start another output file when the old file has recorded
                        for this many seconds
    --process-id-file   write the process ID here
    --use-strftime      apply the strftime facility to the output file name
    --dump-hw-params    dump hw_params of the device
    --fatal-errors      treat all errors as fatal

# aplay -D hw:0,0 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 -r 48000 -c 2 -f s16_le /dev/zero

Usage: arecord [OPTION]... [FILE]...
-h, --help              help
    --version           print current version
-l, --list-devices      list all soundcards and digital audio devices
-L, --list-pcms         list device names
-D, --device=NAME       select PCM by name
-q, --quiet             quiet mode
-t, --file-type TYPE    file type (voc, wav, raw or au)
-c, --channels=#        channels
-f, --format=FORMAT     sample format (case insensitive)
-r, --rate=#            sample rate
-d, --duration=#        interrupt after # seconds
-s, --samples=#         interrupt after # samples per channel
-M, --mmap              mmap stream
-N, --nonblock          nonblocking mode
-F, --period-time=#     distance between interrupts is # microseconds
-B, --buffer-time=#     buffer duration is # microseconds
    --period-size=#     distance between interrupts is # frames
    --buffer-size=#     buffer duration is # frames
-A, --avail-min=#       min available space for wakeup is # microseconds
-R, --start-delay=#     delay for automatic PCM start is # microseconds
                        (relative to buffer size if <= 0)
-T, --stop-delay=#      delay for automatic PCM stop is # microseconds from xrun
-v, --verbose           show PCM structure and setup (accumulative)
-V, --vumeter=TYPE      enable VU meter (TYPE: mono or stereo)
-I, --separate-channels one file for each channel
-i, --interactive       allow interactive operation from stdin
-m, --chmap=ch1,ch2,..  Give the channel map to override or follow
    --disable-resample  disable automatic rate resample
    --disable-channels  disable automatic channel conversions
    --disable-format    disable automatic format conversions
    --disable-softvol   disable software volume control (softvol)
    --test-position     test ring buffer position
    --test-coef=#       test coefficient for ring buffer position (default 8)
                        expression for validation is: coef * (buffer_size / 2)
    --test-nowait       do not wait for ring buffer - eats whole CPU
    --max-file-time=#   start another output file when the old file has recorded
                        for this many seconds
    --process-id-file   write the process ID here
    --use-strftime      apply the strftime facility to the output file name
    --dump-hw-params    dump hw_params of the device
    --fatal-errors      treat all errors as fatal

# arecord -D hw:0,0 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 -r 16000 -c 8 -f s32_le r.wav

# arecord -D hw:0,0 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 -r 48000 -c 2 -f s16_le -t raw |
aplay -D hw:1,0 --period-size=1024 --buffer-size=4096 -r 48000 -c 2 -f s16_le -t raw

Usage: amixer <options> [command]
Available options:
  -h,--help       this help
  -c,--card N     select the card
  -D,--device N   select the device, default 'default'
  -d,--debug      debug mode
  -n,--nocheck    do not perform range checking
  -v,--version    print version of this program
  -q,--quiet      be quiet
  -i,--inactive   show also inactive controls
  -a,--abstract L select abstraction level (none or basic)
  -s,--stdin      Read and execute commands from stdin sequentially
  -R,--raw-volume Use the raw value (default)
  -M,--mapped-volume Use the mapped volume
Available commands:
  scontrols       show all mixer simple controls
  scontents       show contents of all mixer simple controls (default command)
  sset sID P      set contents for one mixer simple control
  sget sID        get contents for one mixer simple control
  controls        show all controls for given card
  contents        show contents of all controls for given card
  cset cID P      set control contents for one control
  cget cID        get control contents for one control

# amixer -c 0 contents
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Playback Path'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=11
  ; Item #0 'OFF'
  ; Item #1 'RCV'
  ; Item #2 'SPK'
  ; Item #3 'HP'
  ; Item #4 'HP_NO_MIC'
  ; Item #5 'BT'
  ; Item #6 'SPK_HP'
  ; Item #7 'RING_SPK'
  ; Item #8 'RING_HP'
  ; Item #9 'RING_HP_NO_MIC'
  ; Item #10 'RING_SPK_HP'
  : values=0
...
# amixer -c 0 cset numid=1 2
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Playback Path'
  ; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=11
  ; Item #0 'OFF'
  ; Item #1 'RCV'
  ; Item #2 'SPK'
  ; Item #3 'HP'
  ; Item #4 'HP_NO_MIC'
  ; Item #5 'BT'
  ; Item #6 'SPK_HP'
  ; Item #7 'RING_SPK'
  ; Item #8 'RING_HP'
  ; Item #9 'RING_HP_NO_MIC'
  ; Item #10 'RING_SPK_HP'
  : values=2

Usage: alsaloop [OPTION]...
-h,--help      help
-g,--config    configuration file (one line = one job specified)
-d,--daemonize daemonize the main process and use syslog for errors
-P,--pdevice   playback device
-C,--cdevice   capture device
-X,--pctl      playback ctl device
-Y,--cctl      capture ctl device
-l,--latency   requested latency in frames
-t,--tlatency  requested latency in usec (1/1000000sec)
-f,--format    sample format
-c,--channels  channels
-r,--rate      rate
-n,--resample  resample in alsa-lib
-A,--samplerate use converter (0=sincbest,1=sincmedium,2=sincfastest,
                               3=zerohold,4=linear)
-B,--buffer    buffer size in frames
-E,--period    period size in frames
-s,--seconds   duration of loop in seconds
-b,--nblock    non-block mode (very early process wakeup)
-S,--sync      sync mode(0=none,1=simple,2=captshift,3=playshift,4=samplerate,
                         5=auto)
-a,--slave     stream parameters slave mode (0=auto, 1=on, 2=off)
-T,--thread    thread number (-1 = create unique)
-m,--mixer  redirect mixer, argument is:
            SRC_SLAVE_ID(PLAYBACK)[@DST_SLAVE_ID(CAPTURE)]
-O,--ossmixer   rescan and redirect oss mixer, argument is:
            ALSA_ID@OSS_ID  (for example: "Master@VOLUME")
-e,--effect    apply an effect (bandpass filter sweep)
-v,--verbose   verbose mode (more -v means more verbose)
-w,--workaround use workaround (serialopen)
-U,--xrun      xrun profiling
-W,--wake      process wake timeout in ms
-z,--syslog    use syslog for errors
Recognized sample formats are: S8 U8 S16_LE S16_BE U16_LE U16_BE S24_LE S24_BE U24_LE U24_BE
S32_LE S32_BE U32_LE U32_BE FLOAT_LE FLOAT_BE FLOAT64_LE FLOAT64_BE IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE
IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE MU_LAW A_LAW IMA_ADPCM MPEG GSM SPECIAL S24_3LE S24_3BE U24_3LE U24_3BE
S20_3LE S20_3BE U20_3LE U20_3BE S18_3LE S18_3BE U18_3LE U18_3BE G723_24 G723_24_1B G723_40
G723_40_1B DSD_U8 DSD_U16_LE DSD_U32_LE DSD_U16_BE
Tip #1 (usable 500ms latency, good CPU usage, superb xrun prevention):
  alsaloop -t 500000
Tip #2 (superb 1ms latency, but heavy CPU usage):
  alsaloop -t 1000
Sync mode specification for capture to playback stream:
 0 or none       - do not touch the stream
 1 or simple     - add or remove samples to keep
                   both streams synchronized
 2 or captshift  - use driver for the capture device
                   (if supported) to compensate
                   the rate shift
 3 or playshift  - use driver for the playback device
                   (if supported) to compensate
                   the rate shift
 4 or samplerate - use samplerate library to do rate resampling
 5 or auto       - automatically selects the best method
                   in this order: captshift, playshift,
                   samplerate, simple

# alsaloop -C hw:0,0 -P hw:1,0 -t 10000  -A 3 -S 1 -b -v

Usage: tinypcminfo [-D card] [-d device]

# tinypcminfo -D 0
Info for card 0, device 0:
PCM out:
Access: 0x000009
Format0: 0x000044
Format1: 0x000010
Format Name: S16_LE, S24_LE, S32_LE
Subformat: 0x000001
Rate: min=16000Hz max=48000Hz
Channels: min=2 max=2
Sample bits: min=16 max=32
Period size: min=4 max=65536
Period count: min=2 max=4096
PCM in:
Access: 0x000009
Format0: 0x000044
Format1: 0x000010
Format Name: S16_LE, S24_LE, S32_LE
Subformat: 0x000001
Rate: min=16000Hz max=48000Hz
Channels: min=2 max=2
Sample bits: min=16 max=32
Period size: min=4 max=65536
Period count: min=2 max=4096

Usage: tinyplay file.wav [-D card] [-d device] [-p period_size] [-n n_periods]

# tinyplay /sdcard/1k0.wav -D 0 -d 0 -p 1024 -n 3
Playing sample: 2 ch, 44100 hz, 32 bit

Usage: tinycap file.wav [-D card] [-d device] [-c channels] [-r rate] [-b bits] [-p
period_size] [-n n_periods]

# tinycap /sdcard/rec.wav -D 0 -d 0 –c 2 –r 44100 –b 16 –p 1024 –n 3

usage: tinymix [-D card]

# tinymix
Mixer name: 'rockchip,rt5640-codec'
Number of controls: 123
ctl     type    num    name                                    value
0       BOOL    1      Mono Playback Switch                    Off
1       INT     2      Mono DAC Playback Volume                175 175
2       BOOL    2      Speaker Channel Switch                  Off Off
3       INT     2      Speaker Playback Volume                 31 31
4       BOOL    2      HP Channel Switch                       Off Off
...
# tinymix "Mono Playback Switch" 1
Mono Playback Switch: On

CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
CONFIG_SND_PCM_XRUN_DEBUG
CONFIG_SND_VERBOSE_PROCFS

# echo 7 > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/xrun_debug

asoc-simple-card rk809-sound: XRUN: pcmC0D0p:0
CPU: 3 PID: 657 Comm: sh Not tainted 4.19.161 #509
Hardware name: Generic DT based system
[<b010f47c>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<b010b9a8>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14)
[<b010b9a8>] (show_stack) from [<b0850b58>] (dump_stack+0x90/0xa4)
[<b0850b58>] (dump_stack) from [<b06a39c4>] (__snd_pcm_xrun+0xa0/0x114)
[<b06a39c4>] (__snd_pcm_xrun) from [<b069dac4>] (snd_pcm_stop_xrun+0x64/0x68)
[<b069dac4>] (snd_pcm_stop_xrun) from [<b0695c4c>](snd_info_text_entry_release+0x34/0x7c)
[<b0695c4c>] (snd_info_text_entry_release) from [<b02694a4>] (close_pdeo+0x54/0x100)
[<b02694a4>] (close_pdeo) from [<b02695c0>] (proc_reg_release+0x70/0x78)
[<b02695c0>] (proc_reg_release) from [<b0210ac8>] (__fput+0x88/0x1c4)
[<b0210ac8>] (__fput) from [<b01412d4>] (task_work_run+0x94/0xb4)
[<b01412d4>] (task_work_run) from [<b010b48c>] (do_work_pending+0xc8/0xd0)
[<b010b48c>] (do_work_pending) from [<b0101064>] (slow_work_pending+0xc/0x20)

CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
CONFIG_STACK_TRACER
CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE

# aplay -D hw:0,0 --period-size=128 --buffer-size=256 -r 48000 -f dat /dev/zero &

# cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
# echo "snd_pcm:applptr" >> set_event
# echo "snd_pcm:hwptr" >> set_event
# echo "snd_pcm:xrun" >> set_event
# cat trace | head -20
...
178.109942: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=0, curr=128, avail=128, period=128, buf=256
178.109981: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=128, curr=256, avail=0, period=128, buf=256
178.110224: hwptr:   pcmC0D0p/sub0: POS: pos=24, old=0, base=0, period=128, buf=256
178.110234: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=256, curr=280, avail=0, period=128, buf=256
178.112441: hwptr:   pcmC0D0p/sub0: IRQ: pos=128, old=24, base=0, period=128, buf=256
178.112510: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=280, curr=384, avail=0, period=128, buf=256
178.112553: hwptr:   pcmC0D0p/sub0: POS: pos=136, old=128, base=0, period=128, buf=256
178.112556: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=384, curr=392, avail=0, period=128, buf=256
178.115176: hwptr:   pcmC0D0p/sub0: IRQ: pos=0, old=136, base=0, period=128, buf=256
178.115270: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=392, curr=512, avail=0, period=128, buf=256
178.115321: hwptr:   pcmC0D0p/sub0: POS: pos=8, old=256, base=256, period=128, buf=256
178.115327: applptr: pcmC0D0p/sub0: prev=512, curr=520, avail=0, period=128, buf=256

# trace-cmd record -e snd_pcm:hwptr -e snd_pcm:applptr -e snd_pcm:xrun
# trace-cmd report